Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

473
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
473
Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

45.9K
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
45.9K
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

62.2K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
62.2K
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.4K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.4K
VSEPR Theory02:37

VSEPR Theory

10.8K
Valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) enables us to predict the molecular structure around a central atom from an examination of the number of bonds and lone electron pairs in its Lewis structure. The VSEPR model assumes that electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between these electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The electrons in the valence shell of a central atom form either bonding...
10.8K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

19.8K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
19.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-Generational High Nitrogen Application Inhibits Seed Germination in Wheat: Insights Into Metabolic Dynamics and Microbial Interactions.

Plant, cell & environment·2026
Same author

A metabolomic signatures in hyperuricemia: a systematic review.

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society·2026
Same author

[Retracted] Glycyrrhetinic acid induces G1‑phase cell cycle arrest in human non‑small cell lung cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

International journal of oncology·2026
Same author

Association between hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and occurrence of sepsis during ICU stay in inflammatory bowel disease patients who died: a retrospective study using the EICU-CRD database.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Multi-omics reveals novel CYP450s and transcription factors regulating triterpenoid biosynthesis in Aralia elata.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2026
Same author

Resveratrol attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by suppressing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

Shock (Augusta, Ga.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K

Double Splay Nematic Order in Confined Polar Fluids.

Zhongjie Ma1, Miao Jiang1, Aile Sun1

  • 1Southern University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Physical Review Letters
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a novel modulated phase in ferroelectric nematic materials, the double splay nematic phase, under specific confinement conditions. This discovery offers new insights into liquid crystal behavior and topological defects.

More Related Videos

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.9K
High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K
Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.9K
High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Physics

Background:

  • Ferroelectric nematic materials exhibit unique electro-optical properties.
  • Confined geometries can induce novel liquid crystal phases.
  • Understanding phase transitions is crucial for material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the modulated phase in ferroelectric nematic RM734 under cationic-polymer-coated planar confinement.
  • To characterize the structure and properties of this modulated phase.
  • To elucidate the role of confinement and electrical screening in phase formation.

Main Methods:

  • Optical microscopy and polarimetry.
  • Variable temperature experiments.
  • Analysis of thickness-dependent periodicity and optical properties.

Main Results:

  • Observed a modulated phase emerging from the nematic phase and transitioning to the ferroelectric nematic phase.
  • Identified the modulated phase as the theoretically predicted double splay nematic phase.
  • Demonstrated that cationic polymer coatings are essential for promoting this phase, emphasizing electrical screening's role.

Conclusions:

  • The double splay nematic phase has been experimentally confirmed in confined ferroelectric nematic materials.
  • Cationic polymer coatings play a critical role in stabilizing this unique phase.
  • Findings provide insights into topological defects and phase behavior in confined liquid crystals.