Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
Published on: May 30, 2014
Low Energy Limit of Banks-Fischler-Shenker-Susskind Quantum Mechanics
Óscar J C Dias1, Jorge E Santos2
1University of Southampton, STAG research centre and Mathematical Sciences, University Road Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
We investigate the low energy regime of BFSS quantum mechanics using its holographic dual. We identify three distinct thermodynamic phases (black holes) and analyze their thermodynamic properties extensively, including phase transitions amongst the several phases. While the properties of the canonical ensemble aligns with existing conjectures on BFSS thermodynamics, we uncover intriguing and unexpected behavior in the microcanonical ensemble. Specifically, for sufficiently low energies, we observe the dominance of the localized phase. Surprisingly, we also identify an energy range where the non-uniform phase becomes dominant. The transition between these phases is mediated by a Kol-type topology-changing phenomenon.
Related Concept Videos
The Uncertainty Principle
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom
The de Broglie Wavelength
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
The Bohr Model
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

