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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
Published on: May 4, 2021
Gas mixture in noninvasive ventilation
Mostafa Elshazly1, Garuti Giancario2, Benan Bayrakci3
1Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract:
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal cannula are increasingly used to treat acute respiratory failure. Because many of these patients could also benefit from inhaled medications, combining aerosol therapy with NIV or high-flow nasal cannula is a promising approach. Effective drug delivery to the lungs is crucial for successful aerosol therapy during NIV. Prior research has identified several factors that affect aerosol delivery efficiency in NIV patients. Medical gases have a long history of use in managing various respiratory conditions. Among them, oxygen is frequently used for patients with hypoxia (e.g., hypoxemic respiratory failure and in newborns). In addition to deoxygenation, helium oxygen mixture and nitric oxide can also be administered through devices such as masks combined with NIV. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the application of gas mixtures (such as helium oxygen mixtures and nitric oxide) in NIV, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and optimization strategies in different clinical settings.
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