Airway Management in Craniomaxillofacial Fractures and Neck Injury

Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) and neck trauma, though relatively rare, requires a specialized, multidisciplinary approach due to the region's complex anatomy. This review focuses on updates in airway management specific to these injuries. Traditional zone-based classifications have evolved with advances in computed tomography imaging, particularly for penetrating neck trauma. New evidence supports a "no zone" approach, promoting selective surgical exploration based on symptoms rather than injury location. Assumptions and safety of cervical spine motion intraoperatively are discussed. Additionally, strategies for managing multilevel airway compromise in CMF fractures, laryngeal trauma, and vascular injuries are discussed, emphasizing timely interventions.