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Association of Arterial Stiffness with Atrioventricular Coupling and Left Atrial Phasic Function in Patients with

Jinling Liu1, Xiaolin Mu2, Yang Song2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.

American Journal of Hypertension
|June 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension-induced arterial stiffness impairs left atrial function and arterial coupling. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) predicts this cardiac damage, improving risk assessment in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for arterial stiffness (AS), left atrial (LA), and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
  • Increased pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of AS, can negatively impact LA phasic function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV), left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI), and LA phasic function in hypertensive patients.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of baPWV for LA dysfunction in essential hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort of 150 essential hypertensive patients was enrolled and stratified based on median baPWV.
  • Intergroup comparisons, correlation analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed.
  • Multivariate linear regression adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors was utilized.

Main Results:

  • Patients with higher baPWV showed reduced LA ejection fraction (LAEFtotal, LAEFpass), systolic strain (εs), and diastolic strain (εe), and higher LACI.
  • baPWV was independently associated with LA minimum volume index (LAVImin), LACI, εs, and εe after risk factor adjustment.
  • Integrating baPWV with conventional risk factors significantly improved the predictive performance for LACI, LAVImin, εs, and εe.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension-mediated arterial stiffness is linked to concurrent abnormalities in LA-arterial and LA-LV-arterial coupling.
  • Incorporating baPWV into risk stratification models enhances prediction of preclinical cardiac target organ damage in hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
arterial stiffnessblood pressurecardiac MR; hypertensionleft atrialpulse wave velocity

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