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A Community-Partnered Approach to Address Excess Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Midwestern Community.

Maithe Enriquez1, Rosalia Molina2, Nohemi Alvarez3

  • 1Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.

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A community intervention improved type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management in an under-resourced area. The program enhanced participants' self-efficacy and reduced hemoglobin A1C levels, showing promise for T2DM care.

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Area of Science:

  • Community Health
  • Diabetes Management
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant health burden, particularly in under-resourced communities.
  • Social determinants of health (SDOH) critically impact T2DM outcomes.
  • Tailored interventions are needed to address the complex needs of diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and pilot a culturally tailored intervention to improve T2DM outcomes.
  • To address barriers to care and self-management in an under-resourced Midwestern community.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary impact of the intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A one-group pre-post feasibility study guided by Social Cognitive Theory and an SDOH framework.
  • A community-health-academic partnership developed seven interactive, low-health literacy sessions.
  • Intervention focused on diabetes self-care, healthy eating on a budget, and resource linkage.

Main Results:

  • Participants (n=31) with new pre-diabetes or T2DM diagnoses showed significant improvements.
  • Hemoglobin A1C levels decreased significantly in 66% of participants (p=0.012).
  • Self-efficacy for diabetes self-care, healthy eating, exercise, and blood sugar control significantly increased.

Conclusions:

  • The tailored intervention demonstrates promise for enhancing T2DM management in under-resourced settings.
  • Further research is necessary to confirm efficacy and optimize implementation strategies.
  • Community partnerships, including nurses and community health workers, are vital for improving T2DM health outcomes.