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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis
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Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon Materials for Tunable Microwave Absorption with Excellent Low-Frequency Performance.

Juan Shi1, Xi Zhang1, Wenjie He1

  • 1College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials from corn cobs to achieve tunable microwave absorption (MA). This innovation enables effective low-frequency C-band absorption for 5G and radar, alongside high-frequency Ku-band performance.

Keywords:
KOH activationbiomasslow-frequency absorptionporous carbonthermal treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electromagnetics
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Biomass-derived porous carbon (BPC) shows potential for microwave absorption (MA).
  • Current BPC materials primarily absorb in mid-to-high frequencies, limiting low-frequency applications like 5G and radar.
  • Tailoring BPC for specific frequency bands, especially lower ones, is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy for tuning the microwave absorption frequency of BPC materials.
  • To enhance low-frequency absorption performance in humid and corrosive environments.
  • To create high-performance BPC microwave absorbers for both low- and high-frequency applications.

Main Methods:

  • Corn-cob-pith derived carbon materials were synthesized.
  • Nitrogen (N) concentration was engineered through controlled thermal treatment to shift absorption frequencies.
  • Porous structures were activated using KOH to enhance low-frequency absorption.
  • Microwave absorption performance, including reflection loss (RL) and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB), was evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Nitrogen engineering successfully shifted absorption from Ku-band (12-18 GHz) to C-band (4-8 GHz).
  • Optimized BPC achieved a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -53.92 dB at 7.84 GHz (C-band) with an ultrawide effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) of 6.56 GHz at 2.0 mm thickness.
  • A separate high-frequency absorber exhibited an RLmin of -47.31 dB at 15.84 GHz (Ku-band) with an EABmax of 8.08 GHz at 3.0 mm thickness.
  • The material demonstrated superior performance in humid and corrosive conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered nitrogen concentration in BPC is an effective method for tuning microwave absorption frequencies.
  • KOH activation significantly enhances low-frequency absorption capabilities.
  • This research provides a versatile approach for fabricating high-performance BPC microwave absorbers for diverse frequency applications.
  • The developed materials offer promising solutions for advanced radar and 5G technologies.