Bolus Arrival Time on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using the Golden-Angle RAdial Sparse...

Vessel-specific bolus arrival time (BAT) has become calculated with higher spatiotemporal resolution on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using the Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (GRASP) technique. However, its utility in moyamoya disease (MMD) is unclear.

To evaluate the relationship between BAT and arterial stenosis/periventricular anastomosis (PA) development, and the utility of BAT in MMD.

Retrospective.

Sixty-one preoperative MMD patients (mean ± standard deviation age, 31.0 ± 20.4 years; 46 females; 25 children).

3-T, radial volume interpolated breath-hold examination sequence, and three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D TOF-MRA).

Arterial stenosis, including internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery (MCA), and posterior cerebral artery, and PA development, including lenticulostriate artery, thalamic perforator, and choroidal channel, were scored on TOF-MRA. Differences in BAT (ΔBATs) between the right and left regions of interest (ROIs), including MCA M2, basal ganglia, thalamus, and choroid plexus, were compared with the right and left arterial stenosis score differences. ΔBATs between the MCA M2 and the ipsilateral basal ganglia, thalamus, and choroid plexus were compared with PA scores. A logistic regression model including ΔBAT was developed to assess the associations with recent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).

Kappa statistic, Friedman test, intraclass correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey-Kramer test, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. p < 0.05 was considered significant.

ΔBATs between the right and left ROIs increased by 0.11-1.76 s depending on arterial stenosis score differences. ΔBATs between the MCA M2 and the ipsilateral ROIs decreased by 0.32-1.46 s with higher PA scores. Models including ΔBAT for recent TIAs showed areas under the curve of 0.81 in children and 0.78 in adults.

BAT was indicative of arterial stenosis and PA development, and was associated with recent TIAs in MMD.

3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.