Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Depression and Resilience in Youth Mixed Martial Arts Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Cureus·2026

Same author

The Sport Publication Observational Research Tool (SPORT): An Objective Tool to Score the Methodological Quality of Observational Clinical Sports Medicine Research.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine·2026

Same author

Endoscopic Debridement and Repair of Proximal Hamstring Calcific Tendinopathy.

Arthroscopy techniques·2026

Same author

Does Ischemic Preconditioning of the Operative Limb Reduce Pain After Hip Arthroscopy? A Prospective, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine·2025

Same author

Management of UCL Injuries: Primary and Revision.

Clinics in sports medicine·2025

Same author

Biomechanical evaluation of posterolateral corner reconstruction with suture augmentation in a posterolateral corner and posterior cruciate ligament deficient knee model.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

The Effect of the 2021 MLB Foreign Substance Policy on Pitcher Injury Rates and Statistics.

S Andrew Samborski¹, Neal ElAttrache¹, Steven Karnyski¹

¹Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

|June 30, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Major League Baseball's foreign substance policy did not change pitcher injury rates or strikeouts. However, the policy led to significant decreases in wild pitches, earned run average, and base on balls.

Keywords:

Major League Baseball (MLB)foreign substance injury rate pitching

More Related Videos

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

Author Spotlight: Investigating Early Events and Long-Term Effects of ACL Injuries for Osteoarthritis Progression

Author Spotlight: Investigating Early Events and Long-Term Effects of ACL Injuries for Osteoarthritis Progression

Published on: September 29, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

Author Spotlight: Investigating Early Events and Long-Term Effects of ACL Injuries for Osteoarthritis Progression

Author Spotlight: Investigating Early Events and Long-Term Effects of ACL Injuries for Osteoarthritis Progression

Published on: September 29, 2023

Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Baseball Analytics
Epidemiology

Background:

Major League Baseball (MLB) introduced a foreign substance policy in June 2021 to regulate pitcher grip enhancements.
The impact of this policy on pitcher injuries and performance metrics remained unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effect of the MLB's foreign substance policy on pitcher injury rates, wild pitches, hit batters, walks, strikeouts, and home runs.
To compare pitching statistics and injury data before and after the policy's implementation.

Main Methods:

A descriptive epidemiological study comparing MLB pitchers from the 2019 and 2022 seasons.
Retrospective data collection on injuries and pitching statistics from publicly available sources.
Statistical analysis using nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and regression models to compare outcomes adjusted for batters faced.

Main Results:

No significant difference was found in pitcher injury rates, hit batters, or strikeouts between the 2019 and 2022 seasons.
A statistically significant decrease was observed in wild pitches (P=.04), earned run average (P<.01), base on balls (P=.04), and home runs (P<.01) in 2022 compared to 2019.

Conclusions:

The MLB foreign substance policy did not adversely affect pitcher injury rates or strikeouts.
The policy was associated with significant improvements in pitching control, evidenced by reductions in wild pitches, walks, and home runs.