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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

293
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Transfer to Adult Care in Epilepsy: A Nationwide Population-Based Register Study.

Rianne J M Goselink1,2,3, Hampus Hörling2,3, Anna Eklund1,2

  • 1Department. of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

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Transitioning young persons with epilepsy (YPE) to adult care reveals a significant care gap, with increased emergency visits and decreased follow-up. Socioeconomic factors worsen outcomes for these epilepsy patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for individuals with epilepsy (YPE) due to the transition from pediatric to adult healthcare.
  • Limited data exists on the medical and socioeconomic impacts of this care transition for YPE.
  • Understanding outcomes and risk factors is crucial for improving care continuity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate medical and socioeconomic outcomes for YPE after transitioning to adult care.
  • To identify risk factors associated with poor outcomes during this transition.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based, retrospective follow-up study was conducted in Sweden.
  • Data spanning 2013-2021 were extracted from five national registries for individuals in their 18th year with epilepsy.
  • A cohort of 2,491 adolescents with epilepsy was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A care gap was observed, with 22% of YPE lacking planned specialist follow-up post-transition.
  • Epilepsy-related emergency care visits increased from 3% to 7% after age 18.
  • Poor outcomes, including loss to follow-up and acute care visits, correlated with lower income, foreign background, and geographic region.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gap in epilepsy care exists for adolescents transitioning to adult services, marked by increased emergency care and reduced planned follow-up.
  • Lower socioeconomic status, foreign background, and geographic remoteness are linked to poorer epilepsy care outcomes.
  • Interventions addressing socioeconomic and geographic disparities are essential to optimize transition outcomes for YPE.