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Development, Validity, and Reliability of Three Instruments to Assess Holistic Care from Different Perspectives
Chun-Kai Fang1,2,3,4, Shih-Hsuan Pi5, In-Fun Li6,7
1Hospice and Palliative Care Center and Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|June 30, 2025
Summary
Validated assessment tools for holistic care were developed, addressing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs. Findings show professionals need more training in non-physical care aspects.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Assessment
- Psychometrics
- Holistic Care
Background:
- Holistic care integrates physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.
- Validated assessment tools for holistic care from diverse perspectives are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- Develop and validate three holistic care assessment tools: HCQAS-P, HCQAS-F, and HCKAS.
- Assess holistic care quality and knowledge among patients, families, and professionals.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-methods design: qualitative interviews and cross-sectional survey.
- Psychometric analysis of data from 1,017 participants (patients, family members, professionals) in Taiwanese hospitals.
Main Results:
- HCQAS-P and HCQAS-F demonstrated high internal consistency.
- HCKAS revealed a four-factor structure: institutional, competence, effectiveness, and cost.
- Holistic care quality correlated positively with shared decision-making and good death perceptions, and negatively with demoralization and distress. Professionals scored lowest in spiritual and social care.
Conclusions:
- Validated tools provide a comprehensive framework for assessing holistic care.
- Shared decision-making is valuable; training in non-physical care aspects needs strengthening.
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