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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

38
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
38
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

47
 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
47
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

28
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
28
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

35
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
35
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

33
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
33

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury
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Peripheral Vascular Dysfunction Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Thomas Thordarson1, Tiev Miller1,2, Martín Calderón-Juárez1,2

  • 1International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly alters vascular health, increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This review highlights key structural and functional vascular changes in individuals with SCI compared to able-bodied controls.

Keywords:
blood vesselscardiovascular diseasescardiovascular physiologycardiovascular systemspinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) is linked to impaired vascular function and elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Limited data exist on prognostic factors for subclinical CVD risk in SCI populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify maladaptive structural and functional vascular changes post-SCI.
  • To compare vascular parameters in individuals with SCI against able-bodied controls.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Bias assessment using ROBINS-I and AHRQ tools.
  • Meta-analyses conducted on structural and functional vascular outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 49 studies with 1026 SCI individuals and 941 controls analyzed.
  • Reduced arterial diameter, compliance, endothelial function, HDL cholesterol in SCI.
  • Increased intima-media thickness, arterial stiffness, blood glucose, triglycerides in SCI.

Conclusions:

  • SCI significantly impacts multiple subclinical CVD risk factors.
  • Observed vascular differences suggest increased CVD risk in individuals with SCI.