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Beyond Prompt Engineering: Exploring Collaborative Dialogue with Generative AI for Problem-Solving.

Sung Hyun Lee1, John A Velez1, Dae-Won Noh2

  • 1Communication Science Unit in The Media School, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.

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Summary

Discourse practices in human-AI interactions significantly improve collaborative problem-solving with ChatGPT. Applying human communication principles to AI dialogue enhances shared cognition and user intent to use generative AI (GenAI).

Keywords:
collaborationdiscourse practicesgenerative AIhuman–AI interactiontechnology acceptance model

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Generative AI (GenAI) has rapidly transformed human-AI interactions.
  • Understanding discourse practices is crucial for effective human-AI collaboration.
  • Existing research often overlooks the nuances of conversational dynamics in AI contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how specific discourse practices influence collaborative problem-solving between humans and ChatGPT.
  • To examine the role of shared cognition in mediating the relationship between discourse practices and team effectiveness.
  • To assess the impact of shared cognition on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) constructs for AI use.

Main Methods:

  • Grounded in small group dynamics, the study analyzed three discourse practices: construction, co-construction, and constructive conflict.
  • Participants engaged in creative writing projects with ChatGPT over one month.
  • Surveys measured discourse practices, shared cognition, team effectiveness, and TAM variables.

Main Results:

  • Discourse practices significantly predicted shared cognition.
  • Shared cognition mediated the link between discourse practices and perceived team effectiveness.
  • Shared cognition positively influenced behavioral intentions to use ChatGPT via perceived ease of use and usefulness.

Conclusions:

  • Principles of human-to-human communication are applicable and beneficial for human-AI interactions.
  • ChatGPT demonstrates a capacity to mirror and reciprocate user discourse practices.
  • Optimizing dialogue with GenAI, akin to prompt engineering, is a viable future direction.