Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 17, 2025
06:51
Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
Published on: December 17, 2019
15.3K
[CAR T cells in non-malignant diseases]
Fabian Müller1,2,3, Melanie Hagen3,4, Georg Schett3,4
1Medizinische Klinik 5 - Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg und Uniklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
|June 30, 2025
Summary
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting B cells shows promise for autoimmune diseases. This approach depletes autoreactive B cells, leading to sustained remission and immune system reset in patients with conditions like lupus and scleroderma.
Area of Science:
- Immunotherapy
- Cellular therapy
- Autoimmune disease pathogenesis
Context:
- CAR T-cells targeting CD19 or BCMA are standard for B-cell neoplasms.
- Autoreactive B-cells drive autoimmune diseases (AIDs).
- B-cell depletion via CAR T-cells may reset the immune system.
Purpose:
- To review and evaluate novel CAR T-cell developments for AIDs.
- To summarize early clinical trial results and treatment concepts.
Summary:
- B-cell-specific CAR T-cell therapy induces deep, sustained remission in B-cell-driven AIDs (e.g., SLE, SSc, IIM).
- Clinical improvement and organ damage reduction observed.
- Successes also noted in other B-cell-mediated conditions, including HIV and type 1 diabetes.
Impact:
- CAR T-cell therapy represents a novel treatment for severe chronic non-malignant diseases.
- Opens groundbreaking therapeutic possibilities.
- Potential for drug-free remission and immune system reset.
Related Concept Videos
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
1.4K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.4K
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
2.4K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
2.4K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
667
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
667
01:22T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
5.6K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
5.6K
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
73.7K
Overview
73.7K
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
695
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
695