Towards a Multi-omics Understanding of Anaphylaxis: Insights into Pathogenesis and Biomarker Identification

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Genetics
• Systems Biology

Background:

• Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction with complex pathophysiology.
• Individual omics studies offer insights but a comprehensive understanding remains elusive.
• Current research faces challenges in fully elucidating anaphylaxis mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize findings from single-omics studies on human anaphylaxis.
• To identify interconnections across different omics layers.
• To highlight the need for integrated multi-omics research in anaphylaxis.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of 107 studies published between 2000 and 2024.
• Analysis of genomics, metagenomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data.
• Synthesis of findings from single-omics studies to identify cross-omics connections.

Main Results:

• Individual omics studies have provided insights into genetic, immune, and metabolic aspects of anaphylaxis.
• Key interconnections across omics layers are identifiable but require further investigation.
• Limited studies have employed comprehensive multi-omics integration for anaphylaxis.

Conclusions:

• Multi-omics integration holds significant potential for uncovering novel anaphylaxis mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.
• Large-scale, integrative research is essential for advancing the understanding and management of anaphylaxis.
• Improved risk prediction, diagnosis, and treatment strategies can be achieved through advanced multi-omics approaches.