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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Soft Lithographic Functionalization and Patterning Oxide-free Silicon and Germanium

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Published on: December 16, 2011

Engineering Photo-Functionalities of OrganicInorganic Hybrid Metal Halides Toward Repeatable Optical Writing/Erasing

Ying Wang¹, Zunfei Ma¹, Yuanrong Yang¹

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|July 1, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed novel organic-inorganic hybrid halides (OIHH) with Sb³⁺-doping for intense visible-light emission. These materials exhibit reversible photochromism and afterglow, enabling multi-level information encryption through intermolecular charge transfer.

Keywords:

information encryption optical writing/erasing organic‐inorganic hybrid lead‐free metal halides

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Published on: September 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Photochemistry
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Organic-inorganic hybrid halides (OIHH) are promising photo-functional materials.
Designing OIHH with tunable optical properties is challenging.
Sb³⁺ doping is explored for novel optical functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

Synthesize Sb³⁺-doped (benzamidine)₂InCl₅(H₂O) crystals.
Investigate photochromism (PC) and afterglow phenomena.
Develop a multi-level information encryption scheme.

Main Methods:

Crystal synthesis of Sb³⁺-doped (benzamidine)₂InCl₅(H₂O).
Exploiting intermolecular charge transfer for photo-responsive properties.
Utilizing photo-irradiation to induce PC and afterglow.

Main Results:

Intense visible-light emission achieved.
Photochromism and afterglow demonstrated via intermolecular charge transfer.
Repeatable optical writing/erasing and multi-level information encryption realized.

Conclusions:

A novel OIHH system with tunable photo-responsive properties was developed.
Intermolecular charge transfer provides a universal strategy for engineering photo-responsive functionalities.
The dichotomy of water promoting radical reactions and PC bleaching requires further investigation.