Resolvin E1 Promotes the Resolution of Dental Pulp Inflammation and Induces Autophagy

Although the inflammation-resolving properties of Resolvin E1 have been characterised, its effect on autophagy during pulpitis resolution remains unclear. We established a rat pulpitis model to investigate the changes in autophagy during Resolvin E1-mediated pulpitis resolution. Histological staining and gene quantification were performed to assess pulp tissue injury and changes in inflammation- and autophagy-related gene expression. In vivo, Resolvin E1 promoted dental tissue repair and reduced the expression of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and CD68 in dental pulp tissues. Resolvin E1 significantly activated LC3II and Atg12 and decreased Atg5 level. Beclin1 expression was upregulated on day 1 and downregulated on day 3. In vitro, Resolvin E1 enhanced human dental pulp cell proliferation; reduced inflammatory marker expression; and regulated LC3II, Beclin1, Atg5, and Atg12 expression. Resolvin E1 could reduce inflammatory damage and induce autophagy response to protect dental pulp tissue.