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Anger, aging, and reproductive aging: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study
Nancy Fugate Woods1, Ken Pike2, Ellen Sullivan Mitchell2
1Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Clinical Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
|July 1, 2025
Summary
Midlife women experience changes in anger as they age, with some anger expressions decreasing. Reproductive aging also influences anger levels, particularly State and Trait Anger, decreasing after the late reproductive stages.
Area of Science:
- Women's Health
- Psychology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Limited research exists on anger during the menopausal transition.
- Previous studies focused more on depression than emotional arousal in midlife women.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how chronological aging and reproductive aging stages affect women's anger experiences.
- To analyze anger and hostility reports across different reproductive aging stages.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of 501 women aged 35-55 from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study.
- Annual health reports including State-Trait Anger Inventory (STAXI) and SCL90 Hostility scale.
- Reproductive aging stages identified using menstrual calendars; multilevel modeling used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Anger expression indicators like State Anger, Trait Anger, and Anger Control increased with age.
- Anger Temperament, Anger Reaction, Anger Expressed Aggressively, and Hostility decreased with age.
- Reproductive aging stages showed significant effects, with State and Trait Anger decreasing after late reproductive stages.
Conclusions:
- Chronological aging is linked to decreased anger expression, suggesting potential midlife emotion regulation.
- Reproductive aging also impacts anger dimensions, with notable decreases in State/Trait Anger and Anger Temperament.
- Both aging processes significantly affect anger, highlighting the need for attention during midlife and the menopausal transition.
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