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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Paramagnetism01:30

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

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Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

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Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Magnetization switching driven by magnonic spin dissipation.

Won-Young Choi1,2, Jae-Hyun Ha1,3, Min-Seung Jung1

  • 1Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.

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|July 2, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study harnesses magnon dissipation for magnetization control in ferromagnets, enabling efficient spintronic devices. By using a unique material combination, researchers achieved significant spin-orbit torques for magnetization switching.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Efficient control of magnetization in ferromagnets is essential for advanced spintronic devices.
  • Magnons (spin waves) are explored for low-power magnetization manipulation, typically focusing on minimizing energy loss.
  • Current research often overlooks the potential of magnon dissipation for controlling magnetization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate an unconventional method of utilizing magnon dissipation for magnetization control.
  • To demonstrate effective magnetization switching by exploiting magnon dissipation rather than suppressing it.
  • To explore the potential of intrinsic spin currents in ferromagnets for energy-efficient spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a heterostructure combining a ferromagnetic metal and an antiferromagnetic insulator.
  • Experimental investigation of spin transport and torques across the heterostructure.
  • Systematic analysis to differentiate between magnonic spin dissipation and external spin sources.

Main Results:

  • Achieved considerable spin-orbit torques, comparable to those in non-magnetic metals, sufficient for magnetization switching.
  • Demonstrated that the observed effects stem from magnonic spin dissipation, not external spin injection.
  • The chosen material combination breaks spin transport symmetry while preserving charge transport symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • Magnon dissipation can be effectively exploited for magnetization control, offering an alternative to conventional methods.
  • This approach provides valuable insights into intrinsic spin currents in ferromagnets.
  • Opens new avenues for developing highly energy-efficient spintronic devices utilizing magnon dissipation.