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Systemic antiviral consumption in Kazakhstan.

Yuliya Semenova1, Assiya Kussainova2, Laura Kassym2,3

  • 1School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan. yuliya.semenova@nu.edu.kz.

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|July 2, 2025
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Summary

Systemic antiviral consumption (SAC) in Kazakhstan significantly increased by 10.24% annually. Post-2020 saw higher use of anti-herpes, anti-HBV/HCV, and anti-influenza drugs, with community sector spending projected to rise.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial stewardshipAntiviral agentsConsumptionKazakhstanTime series

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacoeconomics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on systemic antiviral consumption (SAC) in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Kazakhstan's healthcare system context requires specific analysis of antiviral drug utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze nationwide systemic antiviral consumption (SAC) trends in Kazakhstan over seven years.
  • To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SAC.
  • To project future antiviral expenditure patterns until 2030.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day) methodology.
  • Applied time series analyses to historical SAC data.
  • Employed predictive modeling for future expenditure projections.

Main Results:

  • Total SAC demonstrated a significant annual growth rate of 10.24% over the study period.
  • Post-2020, consumption increased notably for anti-herpes, anti-HBV/HCV, and anti-influenza agents.
  • Future expenditure projections indicate stability in the hospital sector but a rise in the community sector.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a growing trend in SAC within Kazakhstan, particularly post-COVID-19.
  • Findings underscore the need for strategic public health policy and resource allocation for antivirals.
  • Antiviral expenditure is expected to shift towards the community sector, necessitating adaptive planning.