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INTRAVASCULAR LITHOTRIPSY FOR SEVERE STENT UNDEREXPANSION.

Dario Dilber1,2,3, Igor Šesto1,4, Janko Szavits-Nossan1

  • 1Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular Disease at the School of Medicine of the Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek, Ljudevita Gaja 2, 49217 Krapinske Toplice, Croatia.

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Summary

Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy effectively treats underexpanded stents in heavily calcified coronary lesions. This technique can improve stent expansion, even in challenging chronic total occlusion cases.

Keywords:
Calcified coronary lesionscomplicationcoronary artery diseaseintravascular lithotripsypercutaneous coronary interventionstent underexpansion

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Area of Science:

  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Heavily calcified lesions pose challenges during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), often leading to suboptimal stent expansion and adverse outcomes.
  • Underexpanded stents, a known predictor of poor long-term results, can result from inadequate lesion preparation in calcified arteries.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a 66-year-old male with severe left anterior descending (LAD) artery calcification and significant stent underexpansion post-PCI for chronic total occlusion (CTO).
  • The patient experienced marked stent underexpansion due to insufficient predilatation and postdilatation during the initial procedure.

Findings:

  • Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy (S-IVL) was successfully employed to address the underexpanded stent.
  • S-IVL treatment resulted in excellent stent expansion, overcoming the limitations imposed by severe calcification.

Implications:

  • S-IVL demonstrates potential as a valuable tool for optimizing stent expansion in cases of acute and late underexpansion caused by severe coronary calcification.
  • This case suggests S-IVL may be a viable option for improving procedural success and long-term outcomes in complex PCI scenarios involving calcified lesions.