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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

An Anatomical Study of Nerves at Risk During Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Surgery
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Outcomes Following Minimally Invasive vs Open Cheilectomy for Hallux Rigidus: A Systematic Review.

Caroline Cristofaro1, Michael Mercier1, Darius Luke Lameire1

  • 1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Foot & Ankle Specialist
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Minimally invasive cheilectomy (MIS) for hallux rigidus shows fewer surgical complications than open surgery. However, MIS may lead to a higher rate of revision surgery compared to traditional open cheilectomy.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Foot and Ankle Surgery
  • Surgical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Hallux rigidus is a common, disabling condition requiring surgical intervention when conservative treatments fail.
  • Cheilectomy is a surgical option for earlier stages of hallux rigidus.
  • Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) cheilectomy is gaining popularity over traditional open cheilectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compare the outcomes of minimally invasive cheilectomy (MIS) versus open cheilectomy for hallux rigidus.
  • To evaluate complication rates and revision surgery rates between the two surgical approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from 1995 to 2024.
  • Inclusion of full-text, English-language clinical studies on MIS and open cheilectomy for hallux rigidus.
Keywords:
cheilectomyfirst metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritishallux rigidusminimally invasivepatient-reported outcomes

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  • Independent review, appraisal, and data extraction by two researchers.

    • Main Results:

    • Nine MIS studies (442 patients) and fifteen open cheilectomy studies (720 patients) were analyzed.
    • Functional outcomes were similar between open and MIS cheilectomy.
    • MIS cheilectomy had lower complication rates (8.2%) compared to open cheilectomy (14.7%, P = .001).
    • Revision surgery rates were higher following MIS cheilectomy (9.3%) compared to open cheilectomy (5.0%, P = .003).

    Conclusions:

    • Minimally invasive cheilectomy (MIS) is associated with fewer surgical complications than open cheilectomy for hallux rigidus.
    • A potential increased risk of revision surgery exists with MIS cheilectomy compared to open cheilectomy.