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Insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 in central precocious puberty: a

Yunyun Wu1, Weili Zhao2

  • 1Department of Pediatric, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.

Growth Factors (Chur, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) show distinct hormonal patterns, with elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) levels. These findings suggest potential diagnostic value for these biomarkers.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Growth Hormone Axis
  • Puberty Disorders

Background:

  • Central precocious puberty (CPP) involves early onset of puberty.
  • Distinguishing CPP from other conditions like precocious thelarche (PT) is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGFBP-3 are key regulators of growth and puberty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize distinct patterns of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in girls with CPP.
  • To compare IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels between girls with CPP and PT.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.
  • Observational studies were included and assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
  • Pooled weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen studies were included in the analysis.
  • Girls with CPP exhibited significantly higher IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels compared to age-matched pre-pubertal controls.
  • IGF-1 levels were higher in CPP compared to PT, though IGFBP-3 levels were similar.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels characterize girls with CPP.
  • These hormonal patterns may hold diagnostic significance for identifying CPP.
  • Further research can explore the utility of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in differentiating pubertal disorders.

Keywords:
IGF-1IGFBP-3Precocious pubertyinsulin-like growth factorinsulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3meta-analysisprecocious thelarchesystematic review

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