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Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
Published on: March 29, 2018
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Silver diamine fluoride differentially affects dentin and hypomineralized enamel permeabilities
Conrad Chou1, Misun Kang2, Dilworth Y Parkinson3
1Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Summary
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) significantly reduces carious dentin permeability but not hypomineralized enamel. Zinc levels influence tissue permeability, offering new insights into dental caries and hypomineralization mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Dental biomaterials science
- Mineralized tissue research
- Computational modeling in dentistry
Background:
- Dental caries and hypomineralization significantly impact tooth structure and health.
- Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a widely used agent for managing dental caries.
- Understanding the physicochemical effects of SDF on tooth tissues is crucial for optimizing its application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physicochemical effects of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on dental tissues.
- To correlate the permeability of hypomineralized enamel and carious dentin with their mineral density and elemental composition.
- To introduce a novel computational method for measuring dental tissue permeability.
Main Methods:
- Human carious primary teeth and permanent molars with and without in-vivo/in-vitro SDF treatment were analyzed.
- Micro X-ray computed tomography was employed for scanning enamel and dentin samples.
- Spatial mapping of biometals (calcium, zinc), phosphorus, and silver was performed using X-ray fluorescence microprobe.
- Permeabilities were computed using Porous Microstructure Analysis software.
Main Results:
- SDF-treated carious dentin exhibited significantly lower intrinsic permeability compared to untreated sound dentin.
- Untreated carious dentin showed substantially higher permeability than sound dentin.
- SDF treatment did not significantly alter the permeability of severely hypomineralized enamel.
- Zinc (Zn) levels were identified as a significant factor influencing tissue permeabilities in carious primary teeth.
Conclusions:
- A novel computational method for assessing dental tissue permeability has been established.
- SDF effectively reduces permeability in carious dentin, indicating a potential mechanism for caries arrest.
- SDF's limited effect on hypomineralized enamel permeability suggests different treatment considerations.
- Biometal Zn localization plays a role in altering dentin and enamel permeabilities, providing insights into pathobiological mechanisms.
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