Optimal Exercise Intensity for Enhancing Sperm Parameters: A Network Meta-Analysis of Rodent Studies

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Biology
• Exercise Physiology
• Metabolic Health

Background:

• Male reproductive health is influenced by exercise, but optimal training intensity is unclear.
• Previous studies suggest exercise intensity impacts sperm parameters.
• Rodent models offer a controlled environment to investigate exercise effects on male fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the optimal exercise intensity for enhancing sperm parameters in male rodents.
• To compare the efficacy of different exercise training intensities (LICT, MICT, HICT, HIIT) on sperm concentration, motility, and morphology.
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for exercise interventions targeting male reproductive health.

Main Methods:

• Network meta-analysis of 35 eligible rodent studies.
• Inclusion of four exercise types: low-intensity continuous training (LICT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), high-intensity continuous training (HICT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT).
• Statistical analysis using mean differences (MD) and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) to rank interventions.

Main Results:

• Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) significantly improved sperm concentration compared to high-intensity continuous training (HICT).
• MICT and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) were superior to sedentary controls for improving sperm motility.
• High-intensity continuous training (HICT) was associated with reduced normal sperm morphology compared to sedentary controls and MICT.

Conclusions:

• Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is the preferred exercise modality for enhancing sperm quality in preclinical models.
• High-intensity interval training (HIIT) serves as a potential alternative for improving sperm motility.
• Extrapolation to human populations requires consideration of unique environmental and lifestyle factors.