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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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The Born-Haber Cycle02:44

The Born-Haber Cycle

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Lattice Energy 
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Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
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Amorphous Nitride-chloride Solid-State Electrolytes for High Performance All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Ting-Ting Wu1,2, Si-Jie Guo1, Hong-Shen Zhang1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 3, 2025
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Summary

New amorphous solid-state electrolytes with a nitrogen-chlorine dual-anion framework enable high-voltage all-solid-state batteries. These electrolytes show enhanced conductivity and stability, crucial for next-generation energy storage.

Keywords:
All‐solid‐state batteryHalide solid‐state electrolyteHigh voltage stabilityIonic conductivityNitrogen–chlorine dual‐anion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • High-performance solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are essential for advancing all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs).
  • Amorphous SSEs offer advantages like grain-boundary-free structures for improved solid-to-solid contact and uniform ion flux.
  • Current research focuses on developing novel SSEs for high-voltage applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a new class of SSEs based on a nitrogen-chlorine dual-anion framework.
  • To investigate the structural transition from crystalline to amorphous phases and its impact on ionic conductivity.
  • To evaluate the performance of these amorphous SSEs in high-voltage ASSBs with advanced cathodes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of nitrogen-chlorine dual-anion electrolytes with varying nitrogen content (Li3x+0.1ZrNxCl4.1).
  • Structural characterization to identify the transition to an amorphous phase (Li1.3ZrN0.4Cl4.1).
  • Electrochemical testing, including ionic conductivity measurements, oxidative stability assessment, and full-cell cycling performance with LiNi0.83Co0.06Mn0.11O2 (NCM83) cathodes.

Main Results:

  • A structural transition to an amorphous phase was achieved by increasing N3- substitution.
  • The amorphous Li1.3ZrN0.4Cl4.1 electrolyte exhibited enhanced Li+ conductivity (3.01 mS cm-1) and improved oxidative stability (up to 4.8 V).
  • Full cells demonstrated high reversible capacity (200.1 mAh g-1 at 4.5 V), excellent capacity retention (95.1% after 150 cycles), and long-term cycling stability (>3000 cycles at 3 C).

Conclusions:

  • Nitrogen-chlorine dual-anion amorphous electrolytes represent a promising alternative to traditional single-anion systems.
  • The developed amorphous SSEs show excellent compatibility with high-energy NCM83 cathodes for high-voltage ASSBs.
  • These findings pave the way for designing next-generation solid-state electrolytes for advanced battery technologies.