Optimizing dog population control strategies in Thailand using mathematical and economic modeling

Area of Science:

• Veterinary epidemiology
• Mathematical modeling
• Public health

Background:

• Dog population management and rabies prevention are critical public health concerns in Thailand.
• Current interventions require evaluation for cost-effectiveness and impact on dog population dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate cost-effective sterilization and vaccination strategies for dog population control and rabies prevention in Thailand.
• To assess the impact of different sterilization scenarios on dog population dynamics.

Main Methods:

• A mathematical compartmental model was developed and calibrated using dog population data from Lopburi province (2019-2022).
• Five sterilization scenarios were simulated, including combined rabies vaccination and sterilization programs.

Main Results:

• Sterilization programs targeting female indoor, outdoor, and stray dogs demonstrated over 50% population reduction within five years.
• Female dog sterilization strategies were found to be cost-saving compared to current practices due to reduced long-term costs.

Conclusions:

• Targeting female dog sterilization is an effective and cost-saving strategy for dog population control and rabies prevention in Thailand.
• Further data on demographics and resources are needed to optimize intervention accessibility and feasibility.