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Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Fungal infections pose a significant threat, particularly to immunocompromised individuals.
  • Nasomaxillary complex fungal infections can rapidly progress to fatal outcomes without timely intervention.
  • This study investigates the incidence, types, and outcomes of fungal infections in the nasomaxillary region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and types of fungal molds causing nasomaxillary complex infections.
  • To correlate these infections with patient comorbidities.
  • To analyze the mortality associated with these fungal infections.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023.
  • Patients with histopathologically confirmed fungal infections of the nasomaxillary complex were included.
  • Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The study included 23 cases (16 males, 7 females).
  • Four deaths occurred, with treatments including maxillectomy and debridement.
  • Common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Conclusions:

  • All fungal infections in this cohort were associated with comorbidities.
  • Multiple comorbidities were observed in fatal cases, suggesting a higher risk.
  • Rhinomaxillary fungal infections predominantly affect medically compromised patients, leading to increased tissue involvement and fatality.