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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Peripheral HLA-DRhiCD141+ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis.

Karine Thai1,2, Rose-Marie Rebillard1,2, Wendy Klement2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.

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A novel biomarker, HLA-DRhiCD141+ classical monocytes (CMs), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can predict multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses. This immune cell signature offers a promising tool for monitoring MS disease activity and guiding treatment decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Cellular Immunology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous CNS demyelinating disease requiring biomarkers for activity prediction.
  • Current tools assess existing damage, not impending disease activity.
  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are accessible sources for MS biomarkers, with myeloid cells playing a key role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify immune cell indicators of MS disease activity through comprehensive immune profiling.
  • To investigate the potential of myeloid cell subpopulations as predictors of MS progression.

Main Methods:

  • High-dimensional flow cytometry analysis of PBMCs, focusing on myeloid cell populations.
  • Unsupervised clustering for single-cell immune landscape definition.
  • Supervised machine learning to extract immune features associated with MS activity.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of 135 MS patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs).
  • Identification of a classical monocyte (CM) subpopulation (HLA-DRhiCD141+) as a predictor of 2-year relapse risk (HR 2.8) and disability worsening.
  • This CM subpopulation, identifiable via manual gating, showed stronger prognostic value for relapse risk than serum neurofilament light chain.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency of HLA-DRhiCD141+ CMs serves as a valuable predictor of MS disease activity.
  • This biomarker can complement existing clinical tools for informed treatment decisions.
  • Highlights the potential of myeloid cell profiling for advancing MS management.