Complications of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy is a modern approach in our treatment of cancer. However, it is not without potential side effects. While cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome are some of the more well-known toxicities, other potential complications include B- and T-cell aplasia/hypogammoglobulinemia, opportunistic infections, various coagulopathies, graft versus host syndrome, immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome, and on-target off-tumor toxicities. Having a high index of suspicion is important when encountering patients with these conditions.