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The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
Published on: June 29, 2016
A comparison of motor speech parameters of school-age children who do and do not stutter after visual and auditory
Ayşe Buse Saraç1, Mehmet Emrah Cangi2, Göksu Yılmaz1
1Uskudar University, Speech and Language Therapy Department, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Objective:
This study compared the effects of emotional reactivity displayed by children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS) in response to visual and auditory stimuli on motor-speech parameters.
Method:
In total, 61 children-20 CWS and 41 CWNS-aged 7-12 years participated in the study. The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and the International Affective Digitized Sounds (IADS) were used to observe pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral emotions, and the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) was used to evaluate subjective perception of emotional reactivity. The second formant (F2) transition rate, diadochokinetic (DDK) rate, and syllabic rate parameters were taken as variables within the scope of speech-motor performance.
Results:
CWS showed significantly lower performance in all motor parameters of all stimulus types (visual-auditory) and qualities (pleasant-unpleasant-neutral) than CWNS. Regardless of stimulus type, significantly reduced rates were observed for unpleasant stimuli in the syllabic and DDK rates in both groups. In the examination of the changes in the interaction effect plot of the DDK parameter, which had an interaction effect of stimulus quality and type, it was observed that the DDK rate significantly decreased from the neutral stimuli to the unpleasant stimuli in CWS. In both groups, these changes were more noticeable in the IADS stimuli than in the IAPS stimuli.
Conclusion:
The consensus that CWS is characterized by emotional reactivity and motor deficits was supported by the variables included in the study and extended by including the effects of visual-emotional and auditory-emotional stimuli in the design.
