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Genetic algorithm as a tool for detection setup optimisation for prompt-gamma imaging in proton therapy: SiFi Compton

Jonas Kasper1, Awal Awal1,2, Ronja Hetzel1

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Summary

Optimizing the Silicon Photomultiplier and Scintillating Fiber based Compton Camera (SiFi-CC) geometry using a genetic algorithm improves proton beam range monitoring. This enhanced SiFi-CC can detect range shifts in proton therapy for accurate dose delivery.

Keywords:
Compton cameraMonte Carlo simulationsgenetic algorithmprompt-gamma imagingproton therapyrange verification

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Nuclear Instrumentation
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Proton therapy requires precise monitoring of proton beam range for effective dose delivery.
  • Prompt gamma (PG) detection using Compton cameras offers a method for range verification.
  • The Silicon Photomultiplier and Scintillating Fiber based Compton Camera (SiFi-CC) is a potential tool for PG detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of optimizing SiFi-CC geometry for dose distribution verification.
  • To utilize a genetic algorithm (GA) for optimizing SiFi-CC geometric parameters.
  • To enhance prompt gamma detection for real-time proton therapy verification.

Main Methods:

  • Key geometric parameters (distances, module thicknesses) of the SiFi-CC were optimized using a GA.
  • A Geant4-based software framework simulated gamma interactions, detector response, and image reconstruction.
  • A fitness function evaluated configurations based on detection efficiency and image resolution.

Main Results:

  • The GA-optimized SiFi-CC detected a 5 mm proton beam range shift with 2 mm resolution using 5x10^8 protons.
  • The optimal geometry featured 16 scatterer layers, 36 absorber layers, and specific source-to-detector distances.
  • The best configuration achieved an imaging sensitivity of 5.58(1) x 10^-5.

Conclusions:

  • The GA-optimized SiFi-CC reliably detects clinically relevant proton beam range shifts.
  • This optimization approach improves real-time range verification accuracy in proton therapy.
  • Genetic algorithms provide a systematic method for optimizing SiFi-CC performance.