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Sub-Optimal Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management in India: Findings from a Community-Based Study
Prashant Jarhyan1, Anastasia Hutchinson2, Rajesh Khatkar1
1Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries (CCCI), Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.
Summary
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects 8.6% of adults in North India, with low awareness and treatment rates, especially among smokers. This highlights a significant gap in managing this common respiratory disease.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major cause of disease burden in India.
- There is a lack of comprehensive data on COPD prevalence, awareness, and treatment in India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence, awareness, and treatment rates of COPD in adults aged 40 years and above in Sonipat district, North India.
- To identify disparities in COPD awareness and treatment within the study population.
Main Methods:
- A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using multistage random sampling.
- COPD was diagnosed using self-report, screening questionnaires (Lung Function Questionnaire), pocket spirometry, and confirmed by post-bronchodilation spirometry.
- Data on awareness and treatment (bronchodilators, corticosteroids) were collected via interviews by trained Community Health Workers.
Main Results:
- The age-standardized prevalence of COPD was 8.6% (95% CI: 7.5-9.8), higher in men and rural populations.
- Overall COPD awareness was 75.1%, but significantly lower in current smokers (29.6%) and those with mild COPD (4.8%).
- Only 45.7% of COPD patients reported taking prescribed bronchodilators and/or corticosteroids.
Conclusions:
- A substantial awareness-treatment gap exists for COPD in this North Indian population.
- Strengthening public health systems and healthcare provider training is crucial for improving COPD management.
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