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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

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From Combination Early Detection to Multicancer Testing: Shifting Cancer Care toward Proactive Prevention and

Adriana Albini¹, Dario Trapani^2,3, Francesco Bertolini⁴

¹Scientific Directorate, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.

Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

|July 7, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early cancer detection using multi-cancer early detection (MCED) assays and molecular profiling enables proactive prevention strategies. This integrated approach moves beyond single-cancer screening for improved outcomes.

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

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Published on: February 6, 2015

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Preventive Medicine

Background:

Early tumor detection and understanding cancer development are crucial for effective prevention.
Molecular profiling identifies genetic, epigenetic, immune, and microenvironmental alterations linked to cancer risk.
Liquid biopsy and metagenome analysis offer non-invasive methods for detecting cancer biomarkers and gut microbiota imbalances.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore advancements in multi-cancer early detection (MCED) assays for proactive cancer interception.
To highlight the integration of diverse biological signals beyond genomics for comprehensive risk assessment.
To emphasize the shift towards mechanism-based, multidimensional screening for personalized cancer prevention.

Main Methods:

Utilizing molecular profiling to detect alterations in genetic, epigenetic, immune, and microenvironmental factors.
Employing liquid biopsy for non-invasive analysis of circulating tumor cells, nucleic acids, and other biomarkers.
Integrating data from multiple sources, including metagenome analysis and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), with artificial intelligence.

Main Results:

MCED assays capture signals from multiple malignancies in a single blood sample, going beyond genomics to include immune and metabolic shifts.
Analysis of combined cancer drivers and enablers provides sensitive, personalized measures of cancer prodromic profiles.
Artificial intelligence aids in integrating diverse data for individualized cancer risk profiling.

Conclusions:

A multidimensional approach to early detection and interception advances practical clinical goals in cancer prevention.
Integrated, mechanism-based screening fosters a proactive prevention model, moving beyond single-cancer detection.
Empowering cancer interception through lifestyle modification, nutritional optimization, and targeted interventions is facilitated by these advanced detection methods.