In Vitro and In Vivo Models Studying Haemophilus influenzae

Investigating the infiltration of Haemophilus influenzae into the central nervous system (CNS) involves exploring cellular migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study delves into established methodologies, encompassing both in vitro and in vivo approaches, to elucidate how H. influenzae disrupts the BBB, ultimately causing CNS infection. Moreover, the experiment sheds light on the impact of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on zyxin levels. In the presence of cytokine TNF-α, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) exhibited a significant reduction in zyxin expression, accompanied by an increase in [specific effect]. Correspondingly, the introduction of H. influenzae as a cell-bound organism (CBO) in mice resulted in dire consequences for zyxin-deficient mice, emphasizing the critical role of zyxin in this context.