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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Racial Climate on Willingness to Participate in Clinical Research.

Sanaz Dabiri1, Rema Raman2, Linda B Cottler3

  • 1Sol Price Schaeffer Center &, Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. sanazdab@usc.edu.

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
|July 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racial climate factors like police shootings and social vulnerability are linked to decreased willingness among African Americans to join clinical research. Addressing these socioecological issues is crucial for improving diversity in research participation.

Keywords:
RacismRecruitmentResearch participationUnderserved communities

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Area of Science:

  • Health disparities research
  • Clinical trial recruitment
  • Socio-ecological models in public health

Background:

  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes exist in the USA, particularly affecting African American individuals compared to White individuals.
  • Recruiting African American communities for clinical research presents ongoing challenges despite these health outcome disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the racial climate of a geographical area and willingness to participate in clinical research.
  • To investigate how factors such as police shootings, neighborhood vulnerabilities, and trust in research institutions influence participation.
  • To apply the socio-ecological model framework to understand community engagement in clinical research.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the University of Florida HealthStreet registry on community perceptions of clinical research participation.
  • Alignment of registry data with Fatal Encounters police shooting data and the Social Vulnerability Index at county and zip code levels.

Main Results:

  • Higher rates of police shootings were significantly associated with lower willingness to participate in studies involving medication, genetic samples, and medical equipment among African American adults.
  • Increased social vulnerability in a neighborhood correlated with a reduced willingness to participate in clinical research.
  • The study included a majority of female (64%) participants, with 56.2% identifying as Black/African American, and an average age of 43.01 years.

Conclusions:

  • The contribution of socioecological factors to clinical research participation among African American communities is not well understood.
  • Findings underscore the necessity of addressing racial climate and social vulnerability to enhance community engagement.
  • Improving these factors is essential for reducing the diversity gap in clinical research and achieving health equity.