Enhancing Oman's child protection system: Professional perspectives from qualitative in-depth interviews

In Oman, the child protection system has advanced significantly through the establishment of child protection committees and the implementation of legal frameworks such as the Child Law of 2014. However, challenges such as limited resources, inadequate specialized training, and deeply rooted cultural factors continue to hinder its effectiveness. Despite these developments, there remains a notable gap in research focusing on non-Western child protection systems, making this study particularly relevant.

This study explores the perspectives of professionals involved in the child protection system to identify key areas for improvement.

A qualitative descriptive design was used with purposive sampling to recruit 12 participants, including pediatricians, caseworkers, and other child protection professionals. Data was collected between March and June 2024. Thematic analysis was utilized.

Three main themes emerged from the analysis: First, Strengthening Resources and Expanding Access emphasized the need to strengthen human resources, improve shelter facilities, and ensure equitable access across regions. Second, Strengthening Primary Prevention focused on addressing gaps in prevention-awareness programs and increasing community and health system engagement. Finally, Enhancing Case Management Practices highlighted the importance of refining governance, implementing family-centered services, and establishing comprehensive rehabilitation efforts to support child protection.

The results of this study offer stakeholders and policymakers guidance for improving the child protection system in Oman. A key recommendation is to strengthen resource allocation, which serves as a fundamental step toward enhancing the overall system. Additionally, resources should be directed toward multiple levels of child protection efforts, including primary prevention initiatives and effective case management for children who have experienced abuse.