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Related Concept Videos

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Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
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In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the...
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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
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Microstructural damage analysis during drilling in composite laminate with and without smart magneto-elastomer

Punit Patel1, Vijaykumar Chaudhary2, Dipal Patel2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technology & Engineering (FTE), C. S. Patel Institute of Technology (CSPIT), Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India. punitpatel.me@charusat.ac.in.

Scientific Reports
|July 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) isolators effectively reduce drilling thrust force in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. This study shows MRE isolators minimize delamination in both unidirectional and bidirectional CFRP, regardless of fiber orientation.

Keywords:
CFRPDrillingMagnetorheological elastomerMicrostructure analysisThrust force

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Manufacturing Processes

Background:

  • Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a popular composite material with excellent mechanical properties.
  • Drilling is a common machining operation for CFRP, but delamination caused by thrust force is a critical issue.
  • Minimizing thrust force during CFRP drilling is essential for high-end applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE)-based isolator in reducing drilling-induced thrust force in CFRP.
  • To analyze the impact of fiber orientation (unidirectional vs. bidirectional) on thrust force reduction.
  • To evaluate the microstructural changes in drilled holes using scanning electron microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an MRE-based isolator during the drilling of both unidirectional and bidirectional CFRP.
  • Developing an empirical model to describe thrust force variations in relation to the final layers of CFRP.
  • Conducting microstructural analysis of drilled holes with a scanning electron microscope.

Main Results:

  • MRE-based isolators significantly reduce thrust force in CFRP drilling.
  • The thrust force reduction is consistent across both unidirectional and bidirectional CFRP composites.
  • Empirical model accurately predicts thrust force variations, correlating with microstructural observations.

Conclusions:

  • MRE-based isolators are effective in mitigating drilling thrust force and improving hole quality in CFRP.
  • Fiber orientation does not significantly alter the percentage of thrust force reduction achieved by MRE isolators.
  • Microstructural evaluation confirms the analytical findings and highlights the benefits of MRE isolators for CFRP drilling.