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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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Explainable deep learning approaches for high precision early melanoma detection using dermoscopic images.

Md Abdullah All Mahmud¹, Sadia Afrin², M F Mridha³

¹Department of Computer Science, American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Scientific Reports

|July 8, 2025

Summary

This study developed an advanced deep learning model for early skin melanoma detection from dermoscopic images. The system achieved high accuracy, improving diagnostic reliability and aiding medical experts in early cancer identification.

Keywords:

Deep learning Dermoscopic images Early-stage melanoma detection Explainable AI Swish activation

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Artificial Intelligence
Medical Imaging

Background:

Early skin melanoma detection is challenging due to image variability.
Existing automated diagnostic systems lack reliability and explainability across diverse conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust Automated Diagnostic System for early skin cancer detection using dermoscopic images.
To enhance the reliability and explainability of AI-driven dermatological diagnostics.

Main Methods:

A novel deep learning model incorporating Global Average Pooling, Batch Normalization, Dropout, and dense layers with ReLU and Swish activations was proposed.
Explainable AI techniques, including Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping and Saliency Maps, were employed for model interpretability.

Main Results:

The proposed model achieved high accuracies of 95.23% and 96.48% on two distinct datasets.
The system demonstrated robust performance and reliability across various metrics, validated by explainable AI insights.

Conclusions:

The developed model significantly enhances early skin cancer diagnostics, offering a reliable tool for medical experts.
This research advances the acceptance and application of deep learning in healthcare for improved clinical outcomes.