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Decoupling KOH Activation Path to Construct Graphitic Porous Carbon Anode for Enhanced Potassium Ion Storage.

Fei Yuan1, Ziyu Wu1, Zhaojin Li1

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A novel pre-carbonization method creates graphitic porous carbon for potassium-ion batteries, enhancing ion and electron transport for superior performance and stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Potassium-ion batteries require carbonaceous anodes with both porosity and graphitic domains for efficient ion and electron transport.
  • Traditional activation methods often struggle to balance graphitization and porosity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a graphitic porous carbon anode material for potassium-ion batteries.
  • To improve ion and electron transport kinetics and cycling stability.

Main Methods:

  • Introducing a pre-carbonization step before KOH activation to modify the activation pathway.
  • Analyzing the effect of pre-carbonization on carbon structure, porosity, and graphitic domains.

Main Results:

  • Pre-carbonization reduced oxygen content and promoted microcrystal growth, leading to molten K2CO3 formation.
  • This facilitated the formation of continuous graphitic domains and optimized pore structures (micropores and mesopores).
  • The optimized anode achieved a capacity of 236.2 mAh g⁻¹ at 2 A g⁻¹, with excellent cycling stability over 3000 cycles and a full cell energy density of 104.6 Wh kg⁻¹ at 3.26 kW kg⁻¹.

Conclusions:

  • The pre-carbonization strategy effectively balances graphitization and porosity in carbon anodes.
  • This approach significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of potassium-ion batteries.
  • The developed material shows promise for high-performance energy storage applications.