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Device-Based Physical Activity and Low-Grade Inflammation in People With Multimorbidity: Cross-Sectional Baseline
Alessio Bricca1,2, Grit Elster Legaard3, Sofie Rath Mortensen2,4
1Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
European Journal of Sport Science
|July 9, 2025
Summary
Physical activity (PA) reduces inflammation in people with multiple chronic conditions. Even minimal daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is linked to lower inflammatory markers, supporting PA promotion for multimorbidity.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical science
- Exercise physiology
- Inflammation research
Background:
- Physical activity (PA) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties.
- The effects of PA on individuals with multimorbidity (multiple chronic conditions) remain unclear.
- Understanding PA's role in managing inflammation in this population is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between device-measured PA and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals with multimorbidity.
- To determine if moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels correlate with specific inflammatory markers.
- To explore the potential mediating role of Body Mass Index (BMI) in this relationship.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 214 participants with multimorbidity from the MOBILIZE trial.
- Device-measured PA (accelerometers) and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1ra, hs-CRP, TNF, IL-6) were assessed.
- Adjusted robust regression models were used to analyze associations, with BMI as a potential mediator.
Main Results:
- Higher MVPA was significantly associated with lower levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra).
- Each additional minute of daily MVPA corresponded to a 2% reduction in IL-1ra.
- Participants with ≥10 min/day MVPA showed 33%-45% lower IL-1ra levels compared to those with <1 min/day.
- BMI did not mediate the relationship between MVPA and IL-1ra.
Conclusions:
- Even small increases in MVPA are associated with reduced low-grade inflammation in individuals with multimorbidity.
- These findings support public health recommendations for PA, including for those with multiple chronic conditions.
- Promoting PA, even at moderate levels, may be a viable strategy for managing inflammation in this population.
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