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Related Concept Videos

SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

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SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
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Understanding the Ranking and Matching Behaviors During the 2023 and 2024 General Surgery Match Cycles: A Program

Sheila Pakdaman1, Jennifer LaFemina2, Katie S Byrd1

  • 1National Resident Matching Program, Department of Research, Washington, DC.

Journal of Surgical Education
|July 9, 2025
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Summary

Signaling in General Surgery residency applications increases ranking odds, but most matched applicants did not signal. Signaling is not required but improves ranking and matching percentages.

Keywords:
general surgerygraduate medical educationmatchingmedical residencyprogram signalingranking

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Residency Admissions
  • Graduate Medical Education

Background:

  • General Surgery (GS) programs utilize a static signaling practice, allowing five signals per applicant.
  • Previous research indicates signaling enhances a GS applicant's likelihood of securing a residency interview.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between program signaling and ranking/matching outcomes in General Surgery residency applications.
  • To understand how applicant signaling impacts inclusion on rank order lists (ROLs) and match success.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2023 and 2024 Match data, examining signaling's effect on ROL inclusion, competitive ROL placement, and matching.
  • Utilized a multilevel model to assess factors influencing an applicant's odds of ROL inclusion.

Main Results:

  • Signaling significantly increases the odds of being ranked (OR=5.63).
  • Applicants who signaled had higher percentages of competitive ranking and matching.
  • Factors increasing ranking odds include signaling, same-state programs, and high Step 1 scores.
  • High signal-to-application ratios and non-MD graduate statuses (DO, IMGs) decreased ranking odds.

Conclusions:

  • Signaling is not mandatory for ranking or matching in General Surgery but improves outcomes.
  • Signals have the most substantial impact on rank order list inclusion.
  • While signaling benefits all applicants, the majority of ranked and matched applicants did not utilize signals.