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How to develop and evaluate consensus documents: Methods and checklists.
María Aparicio Rodrigo1, Paz González Rodríguez2, Nieves Balado Insunza3
1Centro de Salud Entrevías, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Facultad de Medicina, Madrid, Spain.
Anales De Pediatria
|July 9, 2025
Summary
Consensus documents guide clinical decisions when evidence is limited. Rigorous methods and appraisal tools ensure their quality and reduce bias in healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Practice Guidelines
- Healthcare Research Methodology
- Evidence-Based Medicine
Background:
- Evidence-based medicine (EBM) relies on scientific evidence for clinical decisions.
- Insufficient or inconsistent evidence necessitates consensus documents to guide practice.
- Consensus documents, developed by experts, aim to reduce clinical variability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define consensus documents and their importance in clinical decision-making.
- To outline rigorous methodologies for developing valid and applicable consensus documents.
- To emphasize the need for quality standards and critical appraisal of consensus reports.
Main Methods:
- Exploration of formal consensus development techniques (e.g., Delphi, Nominal Group Technique, RAND/UCLA).
- Discussion of less structured methods like consensus meetings and focus groups.
- Highlighting the role of quality standards (e.g., ACCORD guideline) in document development.
Main Results:
- Formalized processes are crucial for minimizing bias in expert panels.
- Structured methodologies enhance the validity and applicability of consensus documents.
- Quality standards and critical appraisal tools improve the reliability of recommendations.
Conclusions:
- Consensus documents are vital for clinical practice when evidence is scarce.
- Rigorous methodology and adherence to standards like ACCORD are essential for quality.
- Critical appraisal, considering panel representativeness and conflicts of interest, is necessary.
Keywords:
Biomedical researchChecklistConferencia de consensoConsensoConsensusConsensus development conferenceDelphi techniqueEvidence-based medicineInvestigación biomédicaLista de verificaciónManuales y guías para la gestión de la investigaciónManuals and guidelines for research managementMedicina basada en la evidenciaTécnica DelphiMore Related Videos
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