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Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

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Dexamethasone/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex hydrogel for vital pulp therapy.

Saidah Tootla1,2, Isaac J de Souza Araújo1,3, Arwa Daghrery1,4

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This study developed dexamethasone-β-cyclodextrin (DEX/ICD) loaded hydrogels for pulp regeneration. The novel DEX/ICD hydrogels enhanced dental stem cell proliferation and mineralization, showing promise for pulp capping therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Vital pulp therapies aim to control inflammation and promote mineralization for pulp-dentin complex regeneration.
  • Developing effective drug delivery systems for these therapies remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and evaluate dexamethasone-β-cyclodextrin (DEX/ICD) inclusion complex-loaded methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels for enhanced pulp-dentin regeneration.
  • To assess the impact of DEX/ICD-loaded GelMA on dental stem cell behavior, including proliferation and mineralization.

Main Methods:

  • DEX/ICD inclusion complex formation was confirmed using FTIR and XRD.
  • GelMA hydrogels loaded with DEX or DEX/ICD were fabricated and characterized for mechanical properties, swelling, degradation, and drug release.
  • Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) cells were used to evaluate cell proliferation (MTS assay), morphology (fluorescence microscopy), and mineralization (Alizarin Red staining).

Main Results:

  • FTIR and XRD confirmed successful DEX/ICD complex formation.
  • Hydrogel incorporation of DEX or DEX/ICD did not significantly alter mechanical properties, swelling, or degradation.
  • DEX/ICD-loaded hydrogels demonstrated sustained dexamethasone release, peaking at day 14, while DEX-loaded hydrogels showed reduced release after day 7.
  • DEX/ICD-loaded GelMA significantly enhanced SHED cell proliferation on day 7 and significantly promoted mineralization compared to DEX-loaded GelMA and controls.
  • Cell morphology was not compromised by the hydrogels.

Conclusions:

  • The β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex effectively optimized dexamethasone delivery from GelMA hydrogels.
  • DEX/ICD-loaded GelMA hydrogels significantly enhance dental stem cell proliferation and mineralization capacity.
  • These injectable DEX/ICD-loaded GelMA hydrogels represent a promising biomaterial for controlling inflammation and inducing mineralized tissue formation in pulp capping strategies.