Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 16, 2025
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: March 14, 2025
Identification of the Critical Life-Stage of Obesity Contributing to Brain Functional Networks
Pei Xiao1, Yan Li2, Jiayuan Dai3
1Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Aims:
Observational studies suggest that obesity impacts brain functional connectivity, but critical developmental periods for these effects remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the causal relationships between life-course body weight and brain functional connectivity.
Methods:
Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to infer the causality between life-course body weight (birth weight [n = 80,745], childhood body mass index [BMI; n = 39,620], and adulthood BMI [n = 322,154]) and 191 resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging traits (n = 34,691) using genome-wide association data. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and colocalization analysis were conducted to reinforce the causality. Two-step mediation MR, transcriptome-wide association studies, and enrichment analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Results:
Adulthood BMI increased neural activity in the frontal lobe (β = 0.078, 95% CI: 0.029 ~ 0.127), whereas childhood BMI reduced functional connectivity between the subcortical-cerebellum and motor or attention network (β = -0.087, 95% CI: -0.144 ~ -0.031). Birth weight decreased the functional connectivity of the central executive or default mode network in the temporal lobe (β = -0.147, 95% CI: -0.217 ~ -0.078). These causalities were consistent with the MR sensitivity analyses and colocalization results. The mediation MR identified neurexophilin-3 as a potential mediator of the causal effect of birth weight on functional connectivity, explaining 27.3% of the total effect (95% CI: 2.6%-52.0%, p = 0.048). Furthermore, transcriptional analysis revealed prioritized genes and pathways that interconnect body weight at different life stages and brain functional connectivity.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrated distinct life-stage-specific effects of body weight on brain functional networks, highlighting the need for targeted interventions across the life course to mitigate the persistent effect of early-life obesity on brain health.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Obesity
01:15Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System
01:14Brain Imaging
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
01:18Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
01:24Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation
01:30Organization of the Brain
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...