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Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

An Application for Pairing with Wearable Devices to Monitor Personal Health Status
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Comparative validity assessment of three android step counter applications; a semi-structured laboratory-based study.

Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka1, Arinze Damian Nnalue1, Sochima Johnmark Obiekwe1,2

  • 1Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State Nigeria.

BMC Digital Health
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Google Fit, Pacer, and Pedometer apps show moderate accuracy for step counting. Google Fit demonstrated better performance during normal-paced walking compared to Pacer and Pedometer.

Keywords:
Google FitPacerPedometerPhysical activityStep countingValidation study

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Wearable Technology
  • Physical Activity Measurement

Background:

  • Step counting is a practical method for assessing physical activity (PA).
  • Validation of PA applications (apps) is crucial for ensuring accuracy.
  • Recent advancements necessitate ongoing evaluation of step-counting technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the criterion validity of three popular step-counting apps: Pacer, Pedometer, and Google Fit.
  • To assess the accuracy of these apps under controlled laboratory conditions.
  • To evaluate app performance at both normal and fast walking paces.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative experimental study involving 50 students using Android phones.
  • Simultaneous use of Pedometer, Pacer, and Google Fit apps during walking trials.
  • Video recording served as the criterion measure, with steps counted manually by two independent reviewers.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in step counts among the three apps.
  • Significant difference between app-recorded steps and video criterion during normal-paced walking (p<0.05).
  • Moderate Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE): Google Fit (6.6% normal pace), Pedometer/Pacer (9.2% normal pace), all apps (5.4% fast pace).

Conclusions:

  • Pedometer, Pacer, and Google Fit show potential for general population step counting.
  • Google Fit may offer superior accuracy for normal-paced walking.
  • Future research should explore longer-term validity and diverse populations.