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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model
Published on: September 16, 2022
Development of a justification process for selecting alternative risk reduction measures
Pavlo Saik1, Vitalii Tsopa2, Olena Yavorska3
1Belt and Road Initiative Center for Chinese-European Studies (BRICCES), Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, China.
Introduction:
The aim of this study is to develop a process for determining a set of alternative preventive measures to reduce risk levels, using the example of reducing the incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis in miners under conditions of financial cost minimization.
Methods:
This study was conducted using a system analysis to identify priority directions for risk reduction under limited financial resources based on the relationship between the measures and their risk reduction efficiency. A methodology was developed to justify the selection of risk reduction measures from a set of alternatives based on the calculation of an efficiency factor grounded in financial losses. An eleven-step risk management process was designed to determine alternative preventive measures, characterized by feedback loops that enable the selection of optimal risk reduction strategies.
Results:
This study presents algorithms for solving three types of decision-making problems regarding the selection of combinations of preventive measures from a defined set of alternatives. These algorithms consider the priority of the measures and allow for a comparison between the effectiveness of several measures and a single measure that can also reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
Discussion:
An example of calculating the efficiency of preventive measures to reduce the risk of pneumoconiosis among miners is also provided. A key feature of this study is the improvement in the risk management process by integrating the efficiency factor of risk reduction under financial constraints.
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