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Cognitive skills like attention, memory, and preference are essential for group-living animals to increase social connections with valuable members. These abilities enable animals to benefit from group foraging, but rigid following can be detrimental.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Group-living species often exhibit increased social connectedness with valuable members.
  • Adaptive social plasticity suggests individuals associate with valuable group mates to gain benefits.
  • The minimum cognitive requirements for this adaptive social plasticity remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the cognitive abilities necessary for animals to adjust social interactions based on group member value.
  • To model a social foraging scenario to evaluate adaptive social plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • An agent-based model simulated social foraging with varying cognitive parameters (attention, preference, memory).
  • Evaluated changes in producer strength (social interactions) and non-producer foraging success.
  • Compared simulation outcomes across different combinations of cognitive parameter values.

Main Results:

  • Non-zero values for attention, preference, and memory were all necessary for increased social connectedness and foraging success.
  • Peak social connectedness occurred with intermediate memory and high attention/preference.
  • Foraging success was highest at low-to-intermediate preference values, with memory crucial unless direct resource access was possible.

Conclusions:

  • Specific cognitive skills are vital for animals to leverage group mates' foraging success.
  • Rigid social following behaviors can limit foraging benefits.
  • This model provides a foundation for studying cognitive and environmental influences on social dynamics and resource acquisition.