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Loranthus tienyenensis Li and Planchonella obovata (R. Br.) Pierre: Essential Oil Composition, Biological Activity,
Ty Viet Pham1, Thao Xuan Hoang2, Nguyen Dinh Luyen3
1Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.
Abstract:
This study presents the first phytochemical analysis of the essential oils from the fresh leaves of Loranthus tienyenensis Li and Planchonella obovata (R. Br.) Pierre using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. L. tienyenensis essential oil was characterized by neryl isobutanoate (13.8%), linalool (10.8%), cis-linalool oxide (6.5%), hexadecanoic acid (6.2%), trans-linalool oxide (5.6%), and cis-phytol (5.5%). P. obovata essential oil was dominated by (Z,E)-α-farnesene (13.7%) and (3Z)-cembrene A (12.0%). P. obovata essential oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the yeast Candida albicans, with the same minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 µg/mL. Both essential oils showed moderate larvicidal activity against third-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, with 24-h lethal dose 50% values below 100 µg/mL. Molecular docking revealed that (Z,E)-α-farnesene interacted with bacterial proteins enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and beta-lactamase, while (3Z)-cembrene A effectively targeted DHFR, DNA gyrase, and peptidoglycan transpeptidase.
