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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
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Energy efficiency enhancement in two European data centers through CFD modeling.

Onur Muhammed Sarikaya1, Mustafa Kuzay2, Ender Demirel3,4

  • 1Design and Simulation Tech. Inc, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey.

Scientific Reports
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to assess data center energy efficiency. The validated model identified retrofitting opportunities, potentially improving efficiency by up to 75%.

Keywords:
CFDData centerEfficiency assessmentEnergy efficiency directiveKPI

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Area of Science:

  • Energy Science
  • Computational Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • European Union reporting schemes emphasize data center energy efficiency.
  • Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are central to assessing data center performance.
  • A systematic approach is vital for data center efficiency evaluation and enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficiency assessment of two European pilot data centers.
  • To validate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models against experimental data.
  • To explore efficiency improvement opportunities through thermal environment retrofitting.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for airflow and thermal structure simulations.
  • Employed two experimental approaches: external sensors and embedded server sensors.
  • Validated CFD models by comparing simulation results with experimental measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved good agreement between simulated and experimental data, confirming model accuracy.
  • Identified significant efficiency improvement opportunities via retrofitting strategies.
  • Demonstrated potential efficiency enhancements of up to 75% through the proposed computational approach.

Conclusions:

  • The validated CFD model accurately assesses data center efficiency.
  • Retrofitting thermal environments can substantially improve data center performance.
  • The computational approach offers a generalizable method for data center efficiency assessment and improvement.